Agent - a computer program

An agent is a computer program used in agent programming.

Due to the lack of standards, there is no consensus on the definition of an agent. However, we can define an agent as an object operating in a specific environment, capable of interacting, monitoring its environment, and making autonomous decisions to achieve goals set during its design or operation.

The agent must have the following functions:

autonomy (the ability to make independent decisions),
communication skills (the ability to communicate with other agents and users),
perception (the ability to perceive and respond to environmental changes)
Mobility is an additional frequently used function.

Other popular agent features:

ability to use knowledge
fault tolerance, poor inputs (input)
ability to use symbols and abstractions
ability to adapt to achieve goals
ability to learn
ability to perform operations in real time
ability to communicate in natural language

Types of agents
Several types of agents can be distinguished by the way they perceive the environment, interfere with the environment, and make decisions.:

reactive agents,
intentional agents,
social agents.
There are two approaches to creating systems based on software agents: using a single agent or creating a system with multiple agents.

Breakdown by goals and user reactions

1. Information management agents - they are designed to help the user. One example is the "advisor assistant" in Microsoft Office programs

Agents managing e-mail - agents filter and sort the user's mail, respond to standard requests, and so on
. Agents managing the organization of the day - assist the user in organizing the day plan. Agents of this type are assistants, for example, "paperclip" in MS Word. Such an agent can perform more complex tasks than an avatar, and he has much more freedom. Sometimes these agents are called "interface agents".
Agents providing personal information - they are responsible for filtering and selecting information.
Monitoring or management agents are a class of agents responsible for monitoring events and, if necessary, taking action on behalf of the user. This class includes agents- agents that are slightly dependent and controlled by people, for example, a bot in an IRC channel, as well as agent avatars - which are a direct representation of the user in cyberspace, for example, in chat rooms or in IRC. Such agents do whatever the user tells them to do, and they have very limited freedom.

2. Agents in distributed systems

Agents seeking Information - Agents seeking specific information for the user
Internet Search Agents - Search the internet to find a variety of information that users need
E-business and mobile business agents are agents working in the field of e-commerce
Network management agents are agents used, for example, to manage software updates or detect attacks.

3. Agents in modeling complex systems

Agents modeling price negotiations are agents used in e-commerce
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